must, have to, mustn't, don't have to

Zorunluluk ve yasak · A2 Temel seviye İngilizce dilbilgisi

must ve have to: zorunluluk

Her ikisi de "-meli / zorunda" anlamına gelir. must genellikle konuşanın kendi düşüncesini (I must call my mum), have to ise dışarıdan gelen kuralları (I have to wear a uniform at work) anlatır. Günlük konuşmada have to daha yaygındır.

	Olumlu	Soru	Geçmiş
must	I must go.	(nadiren) Must I go?	yok → had to
have to	I have to go. She has to go.	Do I have to go? Does she have to go?	I had to go.

mustn't ve don't have to: büyük fark

Yapı	Anlam	Örnek
mustn't	yasak: yapmamalısın	You mustn't smoke here.
don't have to	gerek yok: istersen yap	You don't have to come. (Gelmek zorunda değilsin.)

Türkçeden farkı: Türkçede "zorunda değilsin" ile "yapmamalısın" farklıdır; İngilizcede de öyle. Ama must'ın olumsuzu (mustn't) yasak, have to'nun olumsuzu (don't have to) "gerek yok" anlamına gelir. must'tan sonra to gelmez: "must to go" yanlıştır.

Sık yapılan hatalar

Yanlış	Doğru	Neden
I must to go.	I must go.	must + yalın fiil.
She have to work.	She has to work.	she: has to.
I musted go yesterday.	I had to go yesterday.	Geçmiş: had to.

Kendini dene

She ___ get up at 6 for work.

Seçenekler: have to / has to / must to

Cevap: has to. she: has to.

It's Saturday. I ___ go to school.

Seçenekler: mustn't / don't have to

Cevap: don't have to. Gerek yok: don't have to.

You ___ touch that. It's dangerous!

Seçenekler: mustn't / don't have to

Cevap: mustn't. Yasak: mustn't.

You ___ wear a seatbelt in a car. It's the law.

Seçenekler: have to / don't have to

Cevap: have to. Kural: have to.

We ___ hurry. There's plenty of time.

Seçenekler: mustn't / don't have to

Cevap: don't have to. Gerek yok.

Bu konunun bütün alıştırmaları, aralıklı tekrarı ve ilerleme takibi uygulamada.

Alıştırmaları çöz