Narrative tenses

Hikâye anlatma zamanları · B1 Orta öncesi seviye İngilizce dilbilgisi

Hikâye anlatma zamanları

Bir hikâyeyi anlatırken üç geçmiş zaman birlikte kullanılır: past simple ana olayları sıralar, past continuous arka planı kurar, past perfect daha önce olanları anlatır.

Zaman	Görevi	Örnek
past continuous	sahne, arka plan	It was raining and people were hurrying home.
past simple	ana olaylar, sırayla	Suddenly, a man stopped and looked at me.
past perfect	daha önce olanlar	I realised I had seen him before.

Hikâye bağlaçları

Olayları birbirine bağlamak için: at first, then, after that, suddenly, as soon as, by the time, in the end, eventually. by the time ile genellikle past perfect gelir: By the time the police arrived, the thief had escaped.

Türkçeden farkı: Türkçe hikâyelerde "-iyordu" (arka plan), "-di" (olay) ve "-mişti" (önceki olay) aynı şekilde kullanılır. İngilizcede bu üç ek past continuous, past simple ve past perfect'e karşılık gelir. Türkçede hikâyelerde sık kullanılan "-miş" (duyulan geçmiş) için İngilizcede ayrı bir zaman yoktur; past simple kullanılır.

Sık yapılan hatalar

Yanlış	Doğru	Neden
While I walked home, I saw a fox.	While I was walking home, I saw a fox.	Arka plan: continuous.
When I arrived, they ate already.	When I arrived, they had already eaten.	Önce olan: past perfect.
Suddenly the door was opening.	Suddenly the door opened.	Ani olay: simple.

Kendini dene

It was a cold night. The wind ___.

Seçenekler: blew / was blowing / had blown

Cevap: was blowing. Arka plan: continuous.

I opened the box and ___ a letter inside.

Seçenekler: found / was finding / had found

Cevap: found. Ana olay: simple.

The sun ___ and the birds were singing.

Seçenekler: shone / was shining / had shone

Cevap: was shining. Arka plan.

When I got to the airport, I realised I ___ my passport.

Seçenekler: forgot / had forgotten / was forgetting

Cevap: had forgotten. Önce olan.

She ___ the phone, listened for a moment and smiled.

Seçenekler: picked up / was picking up / had picked up

Cevap: picked up. Olay sırası.

Bu konunun bütün alıştırmaları, aralıklı tekrarı ve ilerleme takibi uygulamada.

Alıştırmaları çöz