Participle clauses
Sıfat-fiil cümlecikleri · B2 Orta seviye İngilizce dilbilgisi
Sıfat-fiil cümlecikleri nedir?
Participle clauses, iki cümleyi kısaltarak birleştirmenin yoludur. Bağlaç ve özne düşer, fiil -ing ya da V3 olur. Yazı dilinde çok yaygındır.
| Tür | Anlam | Örnek |
|---|---|---|
| -ing (etken) | aynı anda / sebep | Walking home, I saw an old friend. (= While I was walking...) |
| -ing (sebep) | ... -dığı için | Feeling tired, she went to bed early. (= Because she felt tired...) |
| V3 (edilgen) | ... -ilen, -ildiği için | Written in 1850, the book is still popular. (= The book, which was written...) |
| having + V3 | önce olan eylem | Having finished my work, I went home. (= After I had finished...) |
Özne aynı olmalı
Participle clause'un öznesi ana cümlenin öznesiyle aynı olmalıdır. "Walking down the street, a car hit me." yanlıştır, çünkü yürüyen araba değildir. Doğrusu: Walking down the street, I was hit by a car. / While I was walking down the street, a car hit me.
İsimden sonra
İlgi cümleciklerini kısaltmak için de kullanılır: The man sitting next to me (= who was sitting) was very loud. The money stolen from the bank (= which was stolen) was never found.
Sık yapılan hatalar
| Yanlış | Doğru | Neden |
|---|---|---|
| Having eat lunch, we left. | Having eaten lunch, we left. | having + V3. |
| Built in 1990, we bought the house. | Built in 1990, the house was cheap. / We bought the house, which was built in 1990. | Özne uyuşmalı. |
| The woman sat next to me was rude. | The woman sitting next to me was rude. | Etken, süren: -ing. |
Kendini dene
___ the door, she saw a letter on the floor.
Seçenekler: Opened / Opening / Having opening
Cevap: Opening. Aynı anda, etken: -ing.
___ in Italy, these shoes are very expensive.
Seçenekler: Making / Made / Having made
Cevap: Made. Edilgen: V3.
___ by the noise, the baby started to cry.
Seçenekler: Waking / Woken / Having woken
Cevap: Woken. Edilgen: V3.
___ the news, she called her mother.
Seçenekler: Hearing / Heard / To hear
Cevap: Hearing. Etken: -ing.
The boy ___ in the corner is my nephew.
Seçenekler: standing / stood / having stood
Cevap: standing. Süren: -ing.
Bu konunun bütün alıştırmaları, aralıklı tekrarı ve ilerleme takibi uygulamada.
Alıştırmaları çöz