Conditionals without if

if olmadan koşul · C1 İleri seviye İngilizce dilbilgisi

if yerine devrik koşul

Resmî dilde koşul cümlelerinde if düşürülüp yardımcı fiil başa alınabilir. Bu yapı sadece üç durumda kullanılır: should, were ve had.

Normal	Devrik
If you should need help, call me.	Should you need help, call me.
If I were in your position, I would resign.	Were I in your position, I would resign.
If she were to accept, we would be delighted.	Were she to accept, we would be delighted.
If I had known, I would have come.	Had I known, I would have come.
olumsuz: If he hadn't helped...	Had he not helped... (Hadn't he değil)

if dışındaki koşul ifadeleri

İfade	Anlam	Örnek
otherwise	aksi takdirde	Hurry, otherwise we'll miss the bus.
but for / without	... olmasaydı	But for your help, I would have failed.
supposing / suppose	varsayalım ki	Supposing it rains, what shall we do?
providing / provided (that)	şartıyla	You can go, provided you're back by ten.
on condition that	şartıyla (resmî)	He was released on condition that he left the country.
assuming (that)	varsayarsak	Assuming the train is on time, we'll arrive at six.
or (else)	yoksa	Leave now, or you'll be late.

Türkçeden farkı: Türkçede koşul "-se" ekiyle verilir ve "eğer" isteğe bağlıdır. İngilizcede if'i düşürmek ancak devrik yapıyla mümkündür ve resmî bir tondur: "Should you need..." iş e-postalarında çok yaygındır. "If it hadn't been for..." / "Had it not been for..." kalıbı "... olmasaydı" anlamında çok kullanışlıdır.

Sık yapılan hatalar

Yanlış	Doğru	Neden
Would I know, I would tell you.	If I knew, I would tell you. / Were I to know, I would tell you.	Devrik koşul sadece should, were, had ile.
Had not he come...	Had he not come...	Had + özne + not.
But for you helped me...	But for your help...	but for + isim.

Kendini dene

___ I known about the problem, I would have helped.

Seçenekler: Had / If had / Would

Cevap: Had. Had I known.

___ the rain, we would have had a great time.

Seçenekler: But for / Otherwise / Provided

Cevap: But for. But for + isim.

___ you require further information, please do not hesitate to contact me.

Seçenekler: Should / Would / If should

Cevap: Should. Should you.

___ he to resign, who would replace him?

Seçenekler: Were / Was / Should

Cevap: Were. Were he to.

Take a map, ___ you might get lost.

Seçenekler: otherwise / provided / unless

Cevap: otherwise. otherwise.

Bu konunun bütün alıştırmaları, aralıklı tekrarı ve ilerleme takibi uygulamada.

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