Advanced passive structures

İleri edilgen yapılar · C1 İleri seviye İngilizce dilbilgisi

İleri edilgen yapılar

B1 ve B2'de temel edilgen ve edilgen aktarma yapılarını gördük. C1'de daha karmaşık edilgen kullanımlara bakıyoruz.

Yapı	Örnek
iki nesneli fiiller	I was given a present. / A present was given to me.
edilgen + mastar	He was made to wait. She was seen to leave.
get edilgen	He got fired. My car got stolen. (gündelik, genelde olumsuz olay)
edilgen -ing	I don't like being lied to.
edilgen + edat	She was laughed at. The issue has been dealt with.
need / want + -ing	The car needs servicing.

Algı ve ettirgen fiiller

make, see, hear etken yapıda yalın fiil alır, edilgen yapıda to alır: They made him wait. → He was made to wait. Someone saw her enter the building. → She was seen to enter the building.

Edilgen yapıyı ne zaman kullanmalı?

Eylemi yapanın bilinmediği, önemsiz olduğu ya da açık olduğu durumlarda; resmî ve bilimsel yazıda; ve cümlenin konusunu (teması) başta tutmak için. Ama her şeyi edilgen yapmak yazıyı ağırlaştırır.

Türkçeden farkı: Türkçede edilgen yapı çok doğaldır ve "-ıl, -ın" ekleriyle kolayca kurulur. İngilizcede de yaygındır, ama iki nesneli fiillerde kişi özne yapılır: "Bana bir hediye verildi" = I was given a present (doğal), A present was given to me (daha az doğal). Edatlı fiillerde edat kaybolmaz: "Bununla ilgilenildi" = It has been dealt with.

Sık yapılan hatalar

Yanlış	Doğru	Neden
He was made wait.	He was made to wait.	Edilgende to.
She was laughed.	She was laughed at.	Edat kalır.
To me was given a book.	I was given a book.	Kişi özne.

Kendini dene

I ___ a free ticket by the manager.

Seçenekler: was given / gave / was give

Cevap: was given. İki nesneli: I was given.

She was seen ___ the building at midnight.

Seçenekler: leave / to leave / left

Cevap: to leave. Edilgen algı: to.

The children ___ by their grandmother.

Seçenekler: were looked after / were looked / looked after

Cevap: were looked after. Edat kalır.

He ___ arrested for drunk driving.

Seçenekler: got / had / made

Cevap: got. get edilgen.

We were made ___ for two hours.

Seçenekler: wait / to wait / waiting

Cevap: to wait. Edilgen: to.

Bu konunun bütün alıştırmaları, aralıklı tekrarı ve ilerleme takibi uygulamada.

Alıştırmaları çöz